Medieval knights were an important part of society during the Middle Ages, serving as the protectors of the kingdom and the embodiment of chivalry. As such, their appearance was carefully regulated and their clothing and armor were a significant part of their identity.
In this article, we will explore the different types of armor and clothing worn by medieval knights, as well as the materials used in their production and the evolution of armor technology over time.
The armor worn by medieval knights
The armor worn by medieval knights was designed to protect them from injury in battle. The most common type of armor was chainmail, which was made from interlinked metal rings and provided good protection against cuts and bruises.
Plate armor, which was made from solid metal plates, was also used and offered greater protection, but was more expensive and time-consuming to produce.
The materials used in the production of armor varied depending on the time period and location, with steel and iron being the most common.
Evolution of armor design
The evolution of armor design and technology over time was driven by the need to improve protection and mobility. During the early Middle Ages, armor was relatively simple and consisted of a single layer of chainmail.
As time passed, armor became more complex, with the addition of plate armor and other protective elements such as pauldrons (shoulder guards) and tassets (thigh armor).
By the late Middle Ages, armor had become more finely crafted and decorated, with intricate designs and engravings becoming popular among the wealthy and influential.
What did medieval knights wear under their armour?
Medieval knights typically wore a variety of clothing and protective gear under their armor. This could include a gambeson, a padded garment made of quilted linen or wool that was worn as a form of armor.
The gambeson provided some protection against blows and helped to cushion the weight of the armor. Knights might also wear a hauberk, a long, sleeveless tunic made of chain mail, which provided additional protection against sword blows and other types of attacks.
Other common items of clothing worn under armor included chausses (tight-fitting hose), a surcoat (a long, loose garment worn over the armor), and a coif (a hood or cap made of mail or other protective material).
The clothing worn by medieval knights
In addition to their armor, medieval knights also wore a variety of clothing. The most common item of clothing was the tunic, which was a simple, knee-length garment worn over the armor.
Surcoats, which were long, sleeveless garments worn over the armor, were also popular and were often emblazoned with the knight’s coat of arms.
Hosen, or trousers, and braies, or undergarments, were also worn by knights, as well as shoes and boots to protect their feet. Capes and cloaks were also popular items of clothing and were often made from rich fabrics such as velvet or silk.
Accessories and other items worn by medieval knights
Medieval knights also wore a variety of accessories and other items to complete their attire. Belts and sashes were used to hold their swords and other weapons, while gloves and gauntlets were worn to protect their hands.
Helmets and headwear were an important part of a knight’s armor and were designed to protect the head and face. Shields, which were used to deflect blows and protect the body, were also an important part of a knight’s armor and were often emblazoned with the knight’s coat of arms.
What did medieval knights wear when not in a battle?
When not in battle, medieval knights generally wore more casual clothing. This could include tunics, surcoats, hosen, braies, and shoes or boots similar to what they wore in battle, but made of less formal materials such as linen or wool rather than heavier fabrics like leather or metal. They may also have worn cloaks or capes for warmth, and may have removed their armor entirely.
In addition to their everyday clothing, medieval knights may have also worn more formal attire for special occasions such as court functions or ceremonies. These could include elaborate tunics and surcoats, as well as other accessories such as belts, sashes, and gloves.
The clothing worn by medieval knights when not in battle would have reflected their social status and wealth, with wealthier knights able to afford more expensive and ornate clothing.
Conclusion
The clothing and armor worn by medieval knights was an important part of their identity and served to protect them in battle.
From the simple chainmail of the early Middle Ages to the finely crafted and decorated armor of the late Middle Ages, the attire of medieval knights evolved over time to meet the changing needs of society and the demands of warfare.
Whether on the battlefield or at court, the appearance of a knight was a reflection of their status and position in society, and the clothing and armor they wore played a vital role in this.